α-Glucosidase plays an important role in carbohydrate metabolism and is therefore an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of diabetes, obesity and other related complications.
Accordingly, nutritional composition, the content of phytochemical antioxidants, and the inhibitory ability of key enzymes with impacts on obesity and diabetes (α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase) or on arterial pressure (angiotensin-I converting enzyme), were evaluated.
After adjusting for age, gender, ethnicity, body mass index, smoking status, socioeconomic status, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes, duration of diabetes and cardiovascular disease, ACE inhibitors (OR=1.27; 95% CI 1.05 to 1.55), fibrates (OR=1.57; 95% CI 1.05 to 2.35), alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) (OR=1.85; 95% CI 1.13 to 3.02) and insulin (OR=1.80; 95% CI 1.11 to 2.93) were significantly associated with the presence of cortical cataract.
As the close correlation between α-glucosidase inhibitors and the treatment of diabetes, in combination with capillary electrophoresis (CE), a method was developed to screen α-glucosidase inhibitors from traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) by immobilizing α-glucosidase on magnetic nanoparticles.
Chalcones, originated from natural product, have been broadly studied their biological activity against various proteins which at the molecular level, are responsible for the progress of the diseases in cancer (e.g. kinases), inflammation (oxidoreductases), atherosclerosis (cathepsins receptor), and diabetes (e.g.α-glucosidase).
Cratoxylum cochinchinense displayed significant inhibition against protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and α-glucosidase, both of which are key target enzymes to attenuate diabetes and obesity.
Enzyme inhibitory potential was assessed against key enzymes linked to global health problems, namely neurodegenerative diseases (acetylcholinesterase), pigmentation (tyrosinase), and diabetes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase).
Given the possibility of developing in diabetics and the significant association between diabetes and infection, the present study was conducted to investigate the influences of tetracycline (TET), kanamycin (KANA), lincomycin (LIN), erythromycin (ERM) and azithromycin (AZM) on α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities with calculating IC<sub>50</sub> and K<sub>i</sub> values.
Gray, and <i>Salvia officinalis</i> L. decoctions were investigated for their health-benefit properties, in particular with respect to antioxidant activity and inhibitory ability towards key enzymes with impact in diabetes and obesity (α-glucosidase, α-amylase and pancreatic lipase).
Inhibitory potential against key enzymes involved in diabetes (α-glucosidase and α-amylase), obesity (pancreatic lipase), neurodegenerative diseases (cholinesterases), and hyperpigmentation (tyrosinase) was evaluated.
Lxn significantly inhibited (p < 0.05) the activity of α-amylase and α-glucosidase and could be of medical and nutritional relevance in the treatment of diabetes.
Mutations in genes important in drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) play a critical role in pharmacogenetics of diabetes.There are currently five major classes of oral pharmacological agents available to treat type 2 diabetes: sulfonylureas, meglitinides, metformin (a biguanide), thiazolidinediones, and α-glucosidase inhibitors.
On the basis of previous report on promising α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of 5-bromo-2-aryl benzimidazole derivatives, these derivatives were further screened for urease inhibitory and cytotoxicity activity in order to get more potent and non-cytotoxic potential dual inhibitor for the patients suffering from diabetes as well as peptic ulcer.
Postprandial hyperglycemia can be reduced by inhibiting major carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes, such as α-glucosidase and α-amylase which is an effective approach in both preventing and treating diabetes.
Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and α-glucosidase are important targets to treat obesity and diabetes, due to their deep correlation with insulin and leptin signalling, and glucose regulation.
Since hypoglycemia can occur in diabetes disease and there is a significant link between diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), thus this study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory properties of DP against α-Amy and α-Glu, as enzyme targets of interest under hypoglycemia condition.
Taken altogether, in vitro and in vivo experiments suggest that selected natural compounds (curcumin, antroquinonol, HCD, docosanol, tetracosanol, rutin, and actinodaphnine) via molecular docking were confirmed as potential candidates of α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitors for treating diabetes.