Adiponectin is a hormone that is derived from adipose tissue and is reduced in obesity-linked diseases including insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis.
Adiponectinrs2241766T/G and rs17300593G/A rather than rs1501299G/T and rs266729C/G polymorphisms were associated with the risk of DN in T2DM, especially in the Caucasian population.
Adiponectin, an insulin-sensitizing hormone, and resistin, known to promote insulin resistance, constitute a potential link between obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Adiponectin levels were found to be significantly lower in T2DM cases as compared to controls (12 ± 5.5 versus 22.5 ± 7.9 μg/ml), while leptin and resistin levels were found to be significantly higher than controls (14.3 ± 7.4 versus 7.36 ± 3.73 ng/ml) (13.4 ± 1.56 versus 7.236 ± 2.129 pg/ml).
Adiponectin level is known to fall significantly in obesity induced type 2 diabetes which worsen insulin sensitivity because of aberrant lipid management.
Adiponectin was higher in patients with type 1 diabetes compared to patients with type 2 diabetes, but decreased with treatment with both BIL and glargine.
Adiponectin (Adpn) has been shown to be a possible therapeutic for Type II diabetes, however the production of a therapeutic version of Adpn has proved to be challenging.
Adiponectin, leptin and resistin are adipokines that play important roles in the regulation of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
A case-control study was conducted to assess the association of rs2241766 and rs822395 SNPs of adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ) with T2DM in Iraqi population.
A decrease in the circulating levels of adiponectin by interactions between genetic factors and environmental factors causing obesity has been shown to contribute to the development of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis.
A genetic model-free approach was conducted to determine the underlying genetic model of inheritance of T2DM because of rs266729 in adiponectin gene.We searched available studies on the association between the rs266729 in adiponectin gene and T2DM in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria.
A single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) G276T in the adiponectin gene has been associated with lower plasma adiponectin levels and insulin resistance, which are related to the prevalence of type 2 diabetes or diabetic complications of macroangiopathy.
A stepwise forward selection procedure demonstrated that genotypes of THBS2, F3, and ADIPOQ were significant determinants of type 2 diabetes mellitus in men, and that genotype of PON1 significantly affected this condition in women.
Accumulating literature had suggested that adiponectin plays a role in the pathophysiology of this metabolic syndrome, and several of the common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in adiponectin gene have been identified in type 2 diabetes.
Additionally, adiponectin decreased in CAD and T2DM patients as compared to the control group, while IL-6 and TNF-α were higher in CAD and T2DM patients.
Adipocytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP), adiponectin, leptin, resistin along with peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) are important mediators in glucose homeostasis in association with CD36 and can be used as markers for T2DM and atherosclerosis.