High plasma levels of IL-6, CRP and SAA were associated with unstable CAD, as well as established risk factors including type 2 diabetes mellitus, smoking, low glomerular filtration rate, low TGs and low HDL-C. After adjusting for established cardiovascular risk markers and the other two inflammatory markers, SAA was found to be an independent risk factor for cardiovascular mortality after a short-term follow-up (6 months-1 year) with a HR per SD of 1.41.
In a multicentre, double-blind clinical trial, we randomly assigned patients with type 2 diabetes or obesity to intravenous tocilizumab (an IL-6 receptor antagonist) 8 mg/kg every 4 weeks, oral sitagliptin (a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor) 100 mg daily or double placebos (a placebo saline infusion every 4 weeks and a placebo pill once daily) during a 12 week training intervention.
Taken together, this suggests that the systemic increase in IL-6 may play an important role in the deterioration of the type 2 diabetes via IL-6/STAT3/SOCS3 pathway in liver after short-time exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub>.
We assessed interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and cortisol responses to acute stress in 135 people with Type 2 diabetes.
With respect to the inflammatory parameters, the low GI diet significantly decreased interleukin-6 in patients with type 2 diabetes compared to the higher GI diet.
Circulating sIL-6R-sgp130 levels were lower in T2D subjects (<i>P</i> < 0.001), whereas IL-6 was high and inversely correlated with sIL-6R (<i>r</i> = -0.57, <i>P</i> < 0.001), indicating a severe disturbance of the buffer.
The purpose of this study was to examine the association between chosen cytokines, such as IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-2p70, IL-6, and kidney function as well as the body composition and nutritional markers in patients with CKD and diabetes mellitus type 2.
Our findings may have implications for the microvascular complications associated with T2DM.<b>NEW & NOTEWORTHY</b> Higher concentrations of serum factors, specifically Interleukin-6 and its soluble receptor found in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) appear to impair endothelial cell capillary-like network formation compared with those present in serum from individuals with impaired glucose tolerance and normal glucose tolerance.
We also attempted to link these pathways with known aspects of T2D pathophysiology in terms of their association with some of their intermediate traits, namely; adipocyte size, HOMA-B, HOMA-R, Hb1Ac, insulin, glucose-level, TNF-α, IL-6, VLDLs, LDLs, HDLs, and NEFAs.
We used the db/db type 2 diabetes mice, which showed obvious hyperglycemia and obese, long-term mechanical allodynia, and increased expression of CXCL13, CXCR5 as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 in the spinal cord.
In conclusion, besides consideration of CRP levels alone, our findings suggested that IL-6 outstandingly plays a contributing role in T2DM progression and elevated TNF-<i>α</i> levels over time could be a potential predictor of T2DM.
Interactions between diet quality and IL6 genotypes/haplotypes were associated with the main metabolic and renal function parameters in Mexican patients with T2DM.
DPP participants randomized to metformin (MET), life-style intervention (ILS), or placebo (PLB) were assessed for depression (Beck Depression Inventory [BDI]) annually, ADM use semiannually, serum inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin 6 [IL-6]) at baseline and year 1, and diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) semiannually (for 3.2 years).
In the present study we investigated the effects of the GLP-1 agonist lixisenatide, a widely used type II diabetes medication, on AGEs-induced decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), degradation of ECM, oxidative stress, expression of cytokines including interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6, and activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB).
Highly sensitive C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, fasting triglycerides ( p < 0.001) and small, dense low-density lipoprotein ( p < 0.001) decreased, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased ( p < 0.001) significantly, irrespective of having type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or being treated with statin therapy before surgery.
Levels of serum hs-CRP, TNF-α and IL-6 are significantly elevated in patients with type 2 DM combined with essential hypertension, which are important factors affecting changes in blood glucose.
The -174 G/G IL-6 genotype increases the risk of developing comorbidity in the T2DM population and this risk is raised when associated with -308 G/G TNF-α.
After adjustment for BMI, T2DM duration, HbA1C, age, and sex, EFV was a predictor of CAC and IL-6 concentrations in early adult onset T2DM (β = 0.05 ± 0.02 cm<sup>3</sup>, p = 0.03; β = 0.05 ± 0.01 pg/ml/cm<sup>3</sup>, p = 0.002).