SNPs at the 4.1 protein ezrin, radixin, moesin domain 3 (FRMD3) and cysteinyl t-RNA synthetase (CARS) genes have a well-established relationship with diabetic nephropathy.
The approach integrates pathway analyses with transcriptional regulatory pattern-based promoter modeling and allows the identification of a transcriptional framework affected by the DN-associated SNP in the FRMD3 promoter.