The genes sen (encoding Shigella enterotoxin 2), ipgB2, ipgB1 (both encoding type 3 secretion system-T3SS effectors that modulate actin filament), and ospF (encoding a T3SS effector involved in suppression of host responses) were further associated with diarrhea in Shigella/EIEC positive children.
ACD mediated actin cross-linking promotes survival of the bacteria in the small intestine of humans, along with other virulence factors; establishes successful infection with the onset of diarrhoea in humans.
The most common serotype found was O119 : H6; these isolates all showed the LA pattern, were positive for fluorescent actin-staining and were associated with diarrhoea.