Membrane abnormalities and altered signaling pathways observed in DMD lymphocytes may be due to increased association of calpain II onto membrane and cytosol.
Calcium and calcium dependent enzymes viz., calcium ATPase, protein kinase C and calcium activated neutral protease (milli CANP mCANP) were studied in the erythrocytes, platelets and lymphocytes of obligate carriers, in order to assess the usefulness of these indices for detection of carriers for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD).