Furthermore, when SNP-SNP interaction effects were analysed for these two genes, we found significant evidence for epistatic interactions between SNPs within each of the two genes but no evidence for a gene-gene interaction, suggesting that variation in or near both the CCR4 and the NFKB1 genes might individually contribute to AD pathogenesis.
By examining the skin homogenate, we found that sclareol inhibited the AD-like severity likely through suppressions of both NF-kB translocation and phosphorylation of the MAP kinase pathway.