CSF levels of the majority of cytokines/chemokines analyzed were significantly higher in patients with EV meningitis (EV group) compared to patients with HPeV meningitis (HPeV group) and controls.
Among 153 sterile-site specimens (CSF and serum) submitted to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, coxsackievirus A16 was detected in CSF and serum of one case patient and enterovirus D68 was detected in serum of another.
Enterovirus was molecularly identified in cerebral spinal fluid and stool samples and the sequence analysis of the VP1 gene of enterovirus genome revealed the presence of Echovirus 30 both in CSF and in stool samples.