Our data suggest that enterovirus infection and insulin resistance are two independent events associated with ICA and GAD65 autoantibodies, respectively.
CXCL10, neutralizing antibody titer rises against certain enterovirus, and antibodies against GAD65 were measured in serum, and enterovirus PCR was performed on whole blood from 83 type 1 diabetes patients at onset, 48 siblings and 69 controls.
Enterovirus infections with beta-cell tropic strains are frequent in siblings of children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes children and in association with elevated levels of GAD65 antibodies.
Lymphocyte proliferation responses were analysed to enterovirus antigens and to a panel of beta-cell autoantigen preparations in 31 non-diabetic ICA and/or GAD65 antibody-positive children and in 19 ICA/GAD65-negative control children.