Bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody against VEGF, is known to cause thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA), while tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) that block VEGF downstream are mainly associated with minimal change disease or focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.
Higher expression of EDN1 and FASLG along with lower expression of VEGF in IgAN and lower expression of CCL19 in FSGS at the time of biopsy can help to identify patients at risk of future disease progression.
Renal impairment treated with TKIs is commonly associated with minimal change nephrotic syndrome/FSGS findings, and it is suggested that renal involvement with TKI is different from that with the vascular endothelial growth factor ligand.
Finally, we have not proved any significant influence of the polymorphisms at positions -2578 C/A and -1154 G/A of the vascular endothelial growth factor gene promoter on the progression of chronic glomerulonephritides even though our study suggests a negative effect of CC genotype of -2578 C/A polymorphism on the clinical course of minimal change disease/focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.