The incidences of grades 2 to 4 acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in the TCR and CD34 groups were 28% and 29%, respectively, and 21% and 10% (<i>P</i> = .1), respectively, for extensive chronic GVHD.
We evaluated the outcomes of two well-established strategies used for GVHD prevention: in vivo T cell depletion using antithymocyte globulin (ATG) and ex vivo T cell depletion using a CD34-selected (CD34+) graft.
We report a Phase I/II study of prophylactic donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) followed by methotrexate (MTX) GVHD prophylaxis after CD34-selected haploidentical donor transplant.
Alloanergization of donor T cells is a simple approach to rebuild immunity while limiting GvHD after haploidentical HSCT, but the optimal T-cell dose and impact on immune reconstitution remain unknown.<b>Patients and Methods:</b> We performed a multicenter phase I trial of alloanergized donor lymphocyte infusion (aDLI) after CD34-selected myeloablative haploidentical HSCT.
Haplo-cord stem cell transplantation combines the infusion of CD34 selected hematopoietic progenitors from a haplo-identical donor with an umbilical cord blood (UCB) graft from an unrelated donor and allows faster count recovery, with low rates of disease recurrence and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).
Haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has been used for leukemia patients, where reduction of graft-versus-host disease risk has been routinely attained by depleting grafts of T-cells, and escalated doses of CD34 progenitors (i.e. megadose) to overcome graft rejection.
To avoid the toxicity of drugs used for the transplantation and the risk of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), the authors performed allogeneic bone marrow HSC transplantation with a combination of CD34 selection and T-cell depletion in a LBW infant with X-linked SCID.
This murine model demonstrates the potential usefulness of DeltaCD34-tk-expressing T cells to control GVHD, promote alloengraftment, and provide a graft-vs-leukemia effect in man.