Re-evaluation of the MRI characteristics of the 5 GP patients and 15 matched controls who had pathologically proven Gleason score ≥4 + 3 = 7 PCa on targeted biopsy demonstrated statistically lower mean ADC values within the index targeted lesion for PCa vs. GP (p = 0.002) Qualitatively, no patients with GP on biopsy had imaging evidence of higher-staged disease, while 33% of patients in the high-risk PCa cohort demonstrated at least one high-stage feature (p = 0.003).
Five of the six patients had a low mean ADC value <1000 (decreased signal on ADC map images) and isointense signal on high-b-value imaging (b = 1200 or 1400), consistent with nonspecific granulomatous prostatitis.