After adjusting for confounders, high-copeptin was still an independent predictor for all-cause death/HF [hazard ratio (95% confidence interval): 1.77 (1.04-3.01), p=0.03].
Evidence is accumulating that increased osmolarity, AVP, copeptin, and dehydration are all associated with worse outcomes in chronic disease states such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetes, and heart failure.