When a 2-fold difference in the mean levels of each group was considered meaningful, 6 of the 20 cytokines (IGF-1, IL-6, IL-8, PIGF, RANTES, TGF-β1) were down-regulated in the progressive hemangioma group compared to the non- progressive hemangioma group, and there were statistically significant difference (p < 0.05): especially, IGF-1, IL-6, IL-8, PIGF, and TGF-β1 did not expressed in all 3 progressive hemangioma patients.