This study explored the synergistic regulation of thrombospondin-1 and nuclear factor-κB signaling pathways in the treatment of hemangioma with propranolol.
Expression of thrombospondin-1 (TS1) in polyoma middle-sized T (tumor)-transformed mouse brain endothelial cells (bEND.3) restores a normal phenotype and suppresses their ability to form hemangiomas in mice.