These mutations can affect the pre-S2/S promoter controlling HBV envelope protein expression (hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)) and have been associated with worsened clinical outcome.
The specificity of this HBV infection model was ascertained by both the neutralization capacity of HBV-envelope protein-specific antibodies and the competition with an envelope-derived peptide.
The polymerase mutations associated with LMV resistance produce changes in the overlapping S gene and in its envelope protein (hepatitis B small antigen, HBsAg) that results in a reduced antigenicity of the HBsAg protein.
We analyzed the surface gene (S gene) of a hepatitis B virus (HBV) isolate with mutations of envelope protein that rendered it undetectable by both a monoclonal hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polyclonal HBsAg radioimmunoassay (RIA).
The small envelope protein of hepatitis B virus (HBsAg-S) can self-assemble into highly organized virus like particles (VLPs) and induce an effective immune response.
42% (15 of 21 specimens), but there was only 40% positivity (8 of 20 specimens) for hepatitis B virus envelope antigen whereas 6 of 17 patients (35.29%) showed the presence of antibodies against hepatitis B virus envelope protein.
We demonstrate that an altered form of cyclin A2 (S2A) which N-terminal part is replaced by the hepatitis B virus envelope protein transforms normal rat kidney cells and cooperates with ras to transform rat embryo fibroblasts.
Plasmid vectors encoding the major (S) or middle (pre-S2 plus S) envelope proteins of hepatitis B virus (HBV) were constructed and compared for their potential to induce hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-specific immune responses with a vector encoding the middle envelope and IL-2 fusion protein or with a bicistronic vector separately encoding the middle envelope protein and IL-2.
To evaluate the applicability of recombinant adenoviral vectors in gene transfer to liver cancers, we infused the recombinant adenoviruses AD5CMV-LacZ and Ad5CMV-p53 through the portal veins into two lines of transgenic mice, one bearing the SV40 T antigen and the other the human hepatitis B viralenvelope protein.