NS2 also promotes HCV particle assembly by recruiting envelope protein 2 (E2) to the virus assembly sites located at the detergent-resistant membranes (DRM).
Oral immunization of BALB/c mice with the attenuated Salmonella strain SL7207 carrying this plasmid efficiently induced HCV core and E2-specific cellular immune responses and antibodies.
Clonal sequences of hypervariable region 1 of the putative E2 envelope protein of HCV were obtained from four HCV-infected newborns (sequential samples spanning a period of 6 to 13 months after birth) and from their mothers (all samples collected at delivery).
The effects of inhibitors of N-linked glycosylation on HCV production were evaluated using this cell line, and the results suggest that certain step(s), such as virion assembly, intracellular trafficking, and secretion, are potentially up- and downregulated according to modifications of HCVenvelope protein glycans.
The hypothesis of the current study is that the two hypervariable regions (HVR1 and HVR2) within E2 are important in the initial virus-liver interaction, and, therefore, certain HCV quasispecies variants will be isolated from the liver after reperfusion.
Herein, we evaluated two different semi-synthetic archaeosome formulations as an adjuvant to the E1/E2 HCVenvelope protein in a murine model and compared antigen-specific humoral (levels of anti-E1/E2 IgG and HCV pseudoparticle neutralization) and cellular responses (numbers of antigen-specific cytokine-producing T cells) to those generated with adjuvant formulations composed of mimetics of commercial adjuvants including a squalene oil-in-water emulsion, aluminum hydroxide/monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) and liposome/MPLA/QS-21.
A second-generation immunoblot assay detected 98 percent of seropositive sera, a second-generation recombinant immunoblot assay detected 96 percent, and an enzyme immunoassay for antibody to the envelope protein of HCV detected 98 percent.
To identify conserved humoral antigenic determinants within the hepatitis C virus (HCV) envelope protein E2, we expressed a peptide library containing random short fragments of the HCV envelope in yeast.
Hepatitis C Virus Subtype 3a Envelope Protein 1 Binding with Human Leukocyte Antigen Class I Types of Pakistani Population: Candidate Epitopes for Synthetic Peptide Vaccine.
The selected peptide was the so-called R9 mimotope, a synthetic surrogate derived from a consensus profile of many hypervariable region 1 (HVR1) sequences of the putative HCVenvelope protein E2.
The insertion of the hypervariable region 1 (HVR1) sequence derived from the envelope protein 2 (E2) of hepatitis C virus (HCV) into the major antigenic site of HBsAg-S ('a'-determinant) resulted in the formation of highly immunogenic VLPs that retained the antigenicity of the inserted HVR1 sequence.
HCV-AB68, a human monoclonal antibody against the envelope protein of hepatitis C virus (HCV), neutralizes HCV in cell-culture and in the HCV-Trimera mouse model.
The molecular basis for the inhibitory action of a benzimidazole inhibitor compound to hepatitis C virus E1 envelope protein was examined computationally.
The B-cell receptor of a hepatitis C virus (HCV)-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma binds the viral E2 envelope protein, implicating HCV in lymphomagenesis.
Analysis of hepatitis G virus (HGV) RNA, antibody to HGV envelope protein, and risk factors for blood donors coinfected with HGV and hepatitis C virus.
In summary, mAb A6 is an important tool to study the structure and function of E1 within the viral envelope, a crucial step in the development of an effective prophylactic HCV vaccine.
In efforts to improve the immunogenicity of a plasmid expressing the second envelope protein (E2) of HCV, we evaluated in mice the role of the antigen localization and demonstrated that membrane-bound and secreted forms induced higher titers of E2-specific antibodies, as well as earlier and higher seroconversion rates, than the intracellular form, but all three forms induced strong CTL.
Here we review current knowledge of HCVenvelope protein structure, integrating knowledge of genetic, antigenic and functional diversity to inform rational immunogen design.
Interestingly, the inhibition of autophagy by ATG7 knockdown reduced the colocalization of ApoE with the HCV E2 envelope protein and the HCV titers released from cells.