Compared with high ET, low ET led to decreased GLP-1 (at all energy balance conditions: P < 0.001) and increased ghrelin concentrations (caloric restriction and overfeeding: P < 0.001), which was consistent with higher feelings of hunger (zero energy balance: P < 0.001) and desire to eat (all energy balance conditions: P < 0.05) and a positive energy balance during ad libitum intake (+17.5%; P < 0.001).
Within this sample of participants, the test meal was found to be associated with lower postprandial glycemia and insulinemia, higher GLP-1 serum concentrations, decreased hunger and desire to eat, and increased fullness.
To extend these findings, associations between perception of hunger and satiety with endocannabinoids, and with glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and polypeptide YY (PYY) were assessed.
Modified BPD does not lead to significant changes in satiety evaluated by the VAS; different aspects of satiety regulation are correlated with the postprandial levels of GLP-1 (hunger feeling) and GLP-2 (satiation feeling and desire to eat) 1 year after modified BPD, signaling a specific postoperative gut hormone-related modulation of appetite.
To investigate the association between postprandial plasma concentrations of amino acids and the anorexigenic hormones glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY), the orexigenic hormone ghrelin, and satiety and hunger in post-RYGB subjects.
Average GLP-1 was reduced at W4, and CCK was increased at 2 yr. After lifestyle-induced WL, patients with severe obesity will, therefore, have to deal with increased hunger in the long term.
To determine whether any sex difference in total PYY, GLP-1 or perceived hunger exists following moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICT) and sprint interval exercise (SIT) METHODS: Twenty-one active participants (11 females) participated in three sessions in a randomized crossover design: (1) MICT, 30-min cycling at 65% VO<sub>2max</sub>; (2) SIT, 6 × 30 s "all-out" sprints with 4-min recovery periods; (3) control (CTRL; no exercise).
It was hypothesized that lower meal frequency in a reduced-energy regimen leading to greater body weight reduction and reduced hunger would be associated with decreased plasma concentrations of GIHs: gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP), glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1), peptide YY(PYY), pancreatic polypeptide (PP) and leptin and increased plasma concentration of ghrelin.
Outcome measures included gastric pouch emptying, glucose, insulin, and GLP-1; hunger, fullness, and stomach discomfort were measured by visual analogue scale.
To investigate differences in ad libitum food intake, feelings of hunger and satiety and the systemic levels of cholecystokinin (CCK), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), peptide YY (PYY), glucose and insulin after intraduodenal, intrajejunal and intraileal protein infusion.
These findings support a dose-response relationship between exercise intensity and total PYY, though the effects on total GLP-1 and hunger perceptions seem unclear.
Since hunger was also suppressed more efficiently, and serum GLP-1 levels were higher after one compared with five smaller drinks, our findings do not support nibbling to avoid hunger or to keep up EE from morning to noon.
Visual analog scale ratings of hunger and fullness and serial assessments of plasma glucose, insulin, and GLP-1 concentrations were done throughout the experiment.
Peptide YY (PYY), glucagon-like peptide 1 and ghrelin levels, as well as feelings of hunger and satiety, were determined pre- and postprandially in 62 women and 41 men (age 31+/-14 years; body mass index 25.0+/-3.1 kg/m(2)).