Serum calcium, serum phosphate, plasma parathormone and vitamin D metabolites do not distinguish affected members from patients with hyperparathyroidism.
Subject and Methods Normocalcemic hyperparathyroidism (NCHPT) patients were identified with normal-range blood ionized calcium and serum elevated parathyroid hormone.
Hyperparathyroidism (HPT) is a common endocrine disorder with incompletely understood etiology, characterized by enlarged hyperactive parathyroid glands and increased serum concentrations of parathyroid hormone and ionized calcium.
Monitoring PTH levels, early prevention and control of hyperparathyroidism and reducing the concentration of PTH are important means to improve prognosis and delay the progression of chronic kidney disease.
On the basis of their parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels, we divided 99 patients undergoing dialysis into 2 groups: 56 patients with hypoparathyroidism (PTH < 104 pg/mL [< 11 pmol/L]) and 43 with hyperparathyroidism (PTH > 261 pg/mL [> 27.5 pmol/L]).
Parathyroidectomy needs to be considered in those patients with severe hyperparathyroidism with a poor response to pharmacological treatment and with distinct undesirable effects of PTH on bone and mineral metabolism parameters.
Recent reports that cimetidine, a blocker of histamine H2 receptors, lowered serum calcium and/or immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentrations in primary or secondary hyperparathyroidism prompted us to administer the drug (300 mg, orally, every 6 h) to two patients with hyperparathyroidism accompanying familial multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1.
Finally, the prospect of CaR agonists and antagonists, which may allow PTH secretion to be regulated independently of the serum calcium concentration, also holds much promise for the medical treatment of hyperparathyroidism, renal osteodystrophy and osteoporosis.
Hyperparathyroidism is a condition which can be primary, secondary or tertiary and is characterized by increased calcium levels, low phosphate levels, and elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels.
Hyperparathyroidism refers to a term representing a wide spectrum of parathyroid disorders that are characterized by the increased production of parathyroid hormone.
Thus, the Ca(2+)-sensing receptor gene is a candidate parathyroid tumor suppressor gene, with inactivating mutations plausibly explaining set-point abnormalities in the regulation of both parathyroid cellular proliferation and PTH secretion by extracellular Ca2+ similar to those seen in hyperparathyroidism.
There are a considerable number of patients with concomitant thyroid and parathyroid disease; this justifies the routine analyses of calcemia and PTH level in patients preparing for thyroidectomy, and sets up the ground for the thyroid investigations in HPT.
Hyperparathyroidism is associated with hypercalcemia and the excess of parathyroid hormone secretion; however, the alterations in molecular pattern of functional genes during parathyroid tumorigenesis have not been unraveled.
The management of hyperparathyroidism includes the correction of vitamin D deficiency and control of serum phosphorus and PTH without inducing hypercalcemia.
Therefore, the preoperative PTH level might potentially be able to predict success of [<sup>18</sup>F]FCh-PET imaging in hyperparathyroidism, with higher lesion-to-background ratios being expected in patients with high PTH.