Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are emerging as an important therapy to consider for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) given this class of treatment's ability to reduce glycated haemoglobin and their associated weight loss and low risk for hypoglycaemia.
Nausea and vomiting rates as well as numbers of documented symptomatic hypoglycemia events per patient-year were generally low but greater with iGlarLixi versus continued GLP-1 RA therapy.
The effects of the GLP-1 analogue liraglutide on time in hypoglycaemia, time in hyperglycaemia, and time in range for type 2 diabetes patients initially treated with multiple daily insulin injections (MDI) were investigated.
Patients who have detectable C-peptide and/or are overweight or cannot achieve glycemic goals without hypoglycemia have been found to benefit the most from GLP-1 RA therapy.
The basis for this recommendation is the similar glycemic efficacy of GLP-1 RAs and insulin, but with GLP-1 RAs promoting weight loss instead of weight gain, at lower hypoglycemia risk, and with cardiovascular benefits in patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease.
Adjunctive treatment with glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists may reduce glucose variability, hence lower the risk of hypoglycemia and improve awareness.
Short-term exposure to a GLP-1 receptor agonist does not seem to impact the counter-regulatory hormonal and metabolic responses in post-GBP subjects during hypoglycemic conditions, suggesting that the improvement in symptomatic hypoglycemia post-GBP seen following treatment with GLP-1 receptor agonists may be mediated by mechanism not directly involved in counter-regulation.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are appealing as glucose-lowering therapy for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) as they also reduce body weight and are associated with low rates of hypoglycaemia.
Single-cell digital PCR revealed GLP-1 receptor expression in neurogliaform cells and showed that copy numbers of mRNA of the Glp1r gene in hyperglycaemia exceeded those in hypoglycaemia by 9.6 times (p < 0.008).
Diabetes increases the severity of impairment in PD, and GLP-1 improve it through its direct neuronal effect in addition to its indirect effect through producing hypoglycemia.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) are drugs used in type 2 diabetes that have a low risk of hypoglycemia and have been shown to exert neuroprotective effects.
Incretin therapy (DPP-4 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists) offers an advantage in this respect, because it reduces glucose with a low risk of hypoglycaemia, both in monotherapy and in combination with other therapies.
In the outpatient setting, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists have proved to be highly efficacious drugs that provide glycaemic control with a low risk of hypoglycaemia.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) provide an alternative to prandial insulin, with the benefits of fewer daily injections, and a lower risk of hypoglycemia and weight gain.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are highly potent antihyperglycemic drugs that impose low risk of hypoglycemia and also result in body weight reduction.
Adding a GLP-1 receptor agonist to therapy with a basal insulin analog has been associated with improved overall glycemic control, with comparable risk of hypoglycemia and no weight gain.
Although, overall semaglutide safety was comparable to other GLP-1 receptor agonists (low risk of hypoglycemia and high frequency of gastrointestinal side effects), increase in retinopathy complications requires further investigation.
Moreover, in a subgroup of patients with the late complication of postprandial hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia after GB, GLP1R blockade reverses hypoglycemia by reducing meal stimulated insulin secretion.
GLP-1 RA intensifiers had equivalent glycemic control to RAI or other injectables, with a nonsignificantly lower risk of hypoglycemia and reduction in body weight.
A growing body of data, guideline recommendations, algorithms, and position papers supports the use of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists in type 2 diabetes (T2D), given their beneficial effects on glycemic control, weight, lipid parameters, and blood pressure, and low risk for hypoglycemia when used in patients who have not achieved glycemic goals with metformin and lifestyle interventions.