Congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens (CBAVD), a frequent cause of obstructive azoospermia and male infertility in Chinese, is mainly due to mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene.
Therefore, manipulation of the signaling components of the ADGRG2-Gq/β-arrestin-1/CFTR complex by small molecules may be an effective therapeutic strategy for male infertility.
Microdeletions of the Y chromosome (YCMs), Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY), and CFTR mutations are known genetic causes of severe male infertility, but the majority of cases remain idiopathic.
The p.Asp688His mutation is localized in the CFTR-interacting STAS domain of SLC26A3 and enriched in Finland, showing a significant association with male infertility in comparison with 6,572 Finnish (P < 0.05) and over 120,000 global alleles (P < 0.0001) (ExAC database).
Congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens (CBAVD) is the most common CFTR-related disorder (CFTR-RD) that explains about 1-2% of the male infertility cases.
In this review, we describe basic genetic principles involved in understanding the genetic basis of male infertility and examine the utility and proper clinical use of the proven genetic assays of male factor infertility, specifically Y chromosome microdeletions, chromosomal translocations, karyotype, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator mutation analysis and sperm genetic tests.
It is well established that cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene (CFTR) mutations are involved in congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD), causing obstructive azoospermia and male infertility.
Congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens (CBAVD) is a form of male infertility in which mutations occur in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene.
Thus in a very near future, for a comprehensive male infertility panel, it will be essential to include additional genetic tests, such as CFTR gene mutations, sperm mitochondrial DNA mutations, and androgen receptor gene mutations, besides the conventional chromosomal analyses, Y chromosome microdeletion detection, and sperm-FISH analyses.
Thus in a very near future, for a comprehensive male infertility panel, it will be essential to include additional genetic tests, such as CFTR gene mutations, sperm mitochondrial DNA mutations, and androgen receptor gene mutations, besides the conventional chromosomal analyses, Y chromosome microdeletion detection, and sperm-FISH analyses.
Congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD) is responsible for 2-6% of male infertility in which mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene have been identified.
Congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD) is a form of male infertility in which mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene have been identified.
Therefore this review is focussed on a comprehensive overview of human genes known with mutations causing male infertility (AR; AZF gene families; CFTR, DM-1, DNAH gene family, FGFR1, FSHR, INSL3, KAL-1, LGR8- GREAT, LHR, POLG).