Canonical NF-κB pathway activation is well studied in IBD and is associated with the rapid, acute production of diverse proinflammatory mediators, such as COX-2, IL-1β, and IL-6.
Our observations suggest that the inhibition of P-gp by COX-2-inhibitors could contribute to the improvement of medical response and this finding may have relevance to medical treatment of inflammatory bowel disease patients.
Moreover, curcumin inhibits microvascular endothelial cell angiogenesis through inhibition of COX-2 expression and PGE(2) production, suggesting that this natural product possesses antiangiogenic properties, which warrants further investigation as adjuvant treatment of IBD and cancer.
Over the years, the study of exfoliated colonocytes has provided striking new insights into the biology of colon cancer and inflammatory bowel disease, including detection of p53 gene mutations, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction amplification, and identification of CD44 splice variants, neoplasia-associated specific binding of plant lectins, and expression of COX-2, the inducible form of cyclooxygenase.
The expression and cellular localization of COX-1 and COX-2 in normal human colon and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) surgical resections were studied.