We describe here the immunogenicity and protective capacity of replication-incompetent influenza virus-like particles (VLPs) which were generated entirely from cDNAs and lacked either the entire NS gene (encoding both the NS1 and NS2 protein) or only the NS2 gene.
The interactomes of influenza virus NS1 and NS2 proteins identify new host factors and provide insights for ADAR1 playing a supportive role in virus replication.