Both of these agents (CpG ODN and herbal extract) showed significant increase in the IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-1 levels in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) (<i>p</i> < 0.05) of chickens in the treatment groups following IBD infection.Further we found significant reduction in mortality rate in vvIBDV infected chicks treated with either, or in combination, compared with the birds of control group.
While production of cytokines could be affected by genetic polymorphisms within coding and promoter regions of cytokine genes, IL-4 and IL-10 gene polymorphisms could affect individual susceptibility to IBS.