One of the mechanisms of IR in CRF patients may be associated with the critical proteins in the IRS-PI3k-Akt pathway by changing their phosphorylation levels.
Osthole treatment significantly attenuated the protein expression of transforming growth factor‑β1 (TGF‑β1), reduced monocyte chemoattractant protein‑1 activity and increased the phosphoinositide 3‑kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) ratio in CRF rats.