Here, we examined the role of PD1/PDL-1 in the pathogenesis of VL by using a murine model of VL.Our data indicate that <i>L. donovani</i> is able to elicit initial expansion of gamma interferon-producing CD4<sup>+</sup> Th1 and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells at day 7 postinfection (p.i.); however, the frequency of those cells and inflammatory response decreased at day 21 p.i., despite persistence of parasites.