The present study has enumerated the effect of 61 kDa recombinant Leishmania donovani co-factor-independent phosphoglycerate mutase (rLd-iPGAM) on mononuclear cells of healthy and treated visceral leishmaniasis subjects as well as on THP-1 cell line. rLd-iPGAM stimulation induced higher expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the phagocytic cell, its receptor and CD69 on T-cell subsets.
However, lymphocytes from sVL stimulated with SLA had lower percentages of CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> cells expressing CD69 and CD8<sup>+</sup> cells expressing CD25, with no release of interferon-γ or tumor necrosis factor. sVL subjects had lower percentage of memory cells (CD4<sup>+</sup> CD45RO+), ex vivo, without SLA stimulation than RecVL, LST+, or LST- (<i>P</i> = 0.0022).