The presence of ACPA was determined by the visually read, qualitative rapid CCPoint<sup>®</sup> test (Euro-Diagnostica, Malmö, Sweden) compared to routinely used ELISA assays (Immunoscan CCPlus<sup>®</sup>-Euro-Diagnostica, Sweden, and QuantLite<sup>®</sup> CCP3-INOVA Diagnostics Inc., USA), in the sera of 184 patients: early RA(n = 38), established RA (n = 84), inflammatory arthritis(n = 34) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (n = 28).