Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) activator inhibitor type 1 (HAI-1) and type 2 (HAI-2) are new Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitors that were recently purified and cloned from the human stomach cancer cell line MKN45 as specific inhibitors against HGF activator.
In conclusion, CAF‑derived HGF promotes angiogenesis, VM and mosaic vessel formation via PI3K/AKT and ERK1/2 signaling in gastric cancer and HGF may serve as a potential therapeutic target for cancer anti‑vascular treatment.