An overview of the various pathways of importance in gastric cancer, as discovered through in-vitro, primary cancer and mouse model studies, is presented and the clinical importance of CDH1 mutations is discussed.
The results revealed that CDH1, cyclooxygenase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase genes had significantly higher expression levels, whereas the expression levels of dermatopontin and transforming growth factor β receptor 2 were decreased in GC samples.
In meta-analysis, CDH1 -160C>A showed an inverse association with GC among Asians (OR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.55-1.05) and a positive association among Caucasians (OR, 1.40; 95% CI, 0.95-2.04).
The E-cadherin promoter frequently undergoes hypermethylation in human gastric cancers, particularly those of the undifferentiated-scattered histologic subtype.
CDH1 hypermethylation status was found to be associated with advancement of disease, distant organ metastases and lymph node invasion in Gastric cancer patients.
Germline mutations in the E-cadherin gene (CHD1) have been described that result in the development of diffuse hereditary gastric cancer in young patients.
The authors of this review recommend consideration of total gastrectomy in CDH1 mutation carriers at an age 5 years younger than the youngest family member who developed gastric cancer.
Recently, germline mutations in the E-cadherin/CDH1 gene have been identified in families with an autosomal dominant inherited predisposition to gastric cancer of the diffuse type.
This study evaluated the effect of PTG on health-related quality of life (HRQL) in asymptomatic individuals with identified CDH1 mutations at high risk for gastric cancer.