In this study, we show that BMSC and BMSC-derived exosome transplantation can significantly recover the estrus cycle, increase the number of basal and sinus follicles in POF rats, increase estradiol (E<sub>2</sub>) and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels, and reduce follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels in the serum.
We aimed to study the prevalence of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and evaluate anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and other serum markers for ovarian function in adult women who were childhood cancer survivors (CCS) in comparison with a control group.
Previous studies have suggested that deletion of Foxo3a, FoxL2, PTEN, p27, and AMH leads to early exhaustion of the primordial follicle pool and premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) in transgenic mice.
However, the AMH assay can become an indirect marker of the remaining female fertile years in some cases such as those women that are at risk for premature ovarian failure or in those suffering from polycystic ovary syndrome.
Association between spontaneous ovulation and serum anti-Müllerian hormone levels in a premature ovarian insufficiency patient after a multimodal treatment for breast cancer.
After hPMSC transplantation, the AMH and FSHR expression in ovarian tissue was significantly higher than in the POF group as determined by immunochemistry and western blot analysis.
Our results showed that the expression of IL-6, IL-21 and AMH were related to the occurrence and development of POF, IL-6, IL-21 and AMH can be used as the primary screening indexes for POF patients.
AMH is regarded as a promising predictor for ovarian reserve in humans and non-human primate, and widely used in human medicine to predict ovarian response to gonadotropin, menopause and premature ovarian failure.
AMH higher than expected for a given AFC could suggest up-regulated AMH secretion (a typical feature of polycystic ovary syndrome) while AMH lower than expected from the corresponding AFC suggest down-regulated AMH secretion that could be seen as an early symptom of diminished ovarian reserve and premature ovarian insufficiency.
AMH can be used as a marker of sertoli/granulosa cell tumors and primary ovarian insufficiency in girls with delayed puberty, Turner Syndrome and after treatment with gonadotoxic agents.
Thus treatment with MIS may provide a method of contraception with the unique characteristic of blocking primordial follicle activation that could be exploited to prevent the primary ovarian insufficiency often associated with chemotherapy.
We developed a unique standardized AMH value, taking FMR1 premutation status and the subject's age into account, which appears to be stable over time and may serve as a predictor for FXPOI after further longitudinal assessment.