Array CGH characterization of an unbalanced X-autosome translocation associated with Xq27.2-qter deletion, 11q24.3-qter duplication and Xq22.3-q27.1 duplication in a girl with primary amenorrhea and mental retardation.
We have identified a family segregating a 17p13.3 duplication extending 329.5 kilobases by FISH and array-CGH involving the YWHAE gene, but not PAFAH1B1, affected by a mild dysmorphic phenotype with associated autism and mental retardation.
Our results show that the use of oligonucleotide-based array- CGH in a clinical diagnostic laboratory increases the detection rate of pathogenic submicroscopic chromosomal aberrations in patients with mental retardation and congenital abnormalities, but it also presents challenges for clinical interpretation of the results (i.e., distinguishing between pathogenic and benign variants).
BACKGROUND Genome-wide screening of large patient cohorts with mental retardation using microarray-based comparative genomic hybridisation (array-CGH) has recently led to identification several novel microdeletion and microduplication syndromes.
Array CGH in patients with learning disability (mental retardation) and congenital anomalies: updated systematic review and meta-analysis of 19 studies and 13,926 subjects.
A series of 46 patients with mental retardation and congenital abnormalities (previously screened for subtelomeric rearrangements) were evaluated for cryptic chromosomal imbalances by array-CGH.
Cytogenetic and array CGH characterization of de novo 1p36 duplications and deletion in a patient with congenital cataracts, hearing loss, choanal atresia, and mental retardation.
The duplication was between 11.1 and 14.4 Mb in length and overlaps with three loci to which mental retardation with PWS-like features have been previously mapped, showing the utility of array CGH in helping to identify candidate genes.
Application of metaphase HR-CGH and targeted Chromosomal Microarray Analyses to genomic characterization of 116 patients with mental retardation and dysmorphic features.
Screening large patient cohorts with mental retardation by array CGH has recently lead to the characterization of many novel microdeletion and microduplication syndromes, initially according to the shared cytogenetic aberrations, with secondary characterization of the corresponding phenotypes.
Array-CGH in a series of 30 patients with mental retardation, dysmorphic features, and congenital malformations detected an interstitial 1p22.2-p31.1 deletion in a patient with features overlapping the Goldenhar syndrome.
Deletion (1)(p32.2-p32.3) detected by array-CGH in a patient with developmental delay/mental retardation, dysmorphic features and low cholesterol: A new microdeletion syndrome?
An oligonucleotide based array-CGH system for detection of genome wide copy number changes including subtelomeric regions for genetic evaluation of mental retardation.
In contrast to GTG banding, array CGH determined the exact number of deleted genes and thus allowed the identification of candidate genes for cleft palate (GREM1, CX36, MEIS2), congenital heart defect (ACTC, GREM1, CX36, MEIS2), and mental retardation (ARHGAP11A, CHRNA7, CHRM5).