Interestingly, testosterone antagonizes the effects of 5-oxoETE on specific signaling pathways and rapid effects such as actin cytoskeleton reorganization that ultimately can modulate cell migration and metastasis.
We hereby propose that similar genetic polymorphisms and mutations among regulatory genes of the actin-cytoskeleton pathway may also be associated with increased dysplasia, carcinogenesis, and susceptibility for invasion and metastasis in IBD-associated CRC, as compared with sporadic CRC.
In A549 lung cancer cells, which endogenously express CXCR1, the depletion of REEP5 and REEP6 significantly reduced growth and invasion by downregulating IL-8-stimulated ERK phosphorylation, actin polymerization and the expression of genes related to metastasis.
However, which E3 ligases are activated for the ubiquitination of actin-cytoskeleton regulators involved in tumor metastasis remains to be fully elucidated.
Profilin 1, cofilin 1, and vasodialator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) are actin-binding proteins (ABP) that regulate actin remodeling and facilitate cancer cell metastases. miR-17-92 is highly expressed in metastatic tumors and profilin1 and cofilin1 are predicted targets.
The mammalian diaphanous-related formin 1 (mDRF1), which is involved in a number of actin-related biological processes, has been found to participate in the process of invasion and metastasis in human breast cancer cells and to show abnormal expression under pathological conditions.
Further, silencing of CORO1C reduced tumor cell migration and affected the actin skeleton and cell morphology, similar to miR-206 expression, but did not reduce proliferation.
We found that <i>RSU-1</i> silencing leads to downregulation of Growth Differentiation Factor-15 (<i>GDF-15</i>), which has been associated with both actin cytoskeleton reorganization and metastasis.
Impaired Rac1 activation mediated by ITSN-1s reorganizes the cytoskeleton (increased thick actin bundles and focal adhesion (FA) complexes as well as collapse of the vimentin filament network) in favor of decreased LC cell migration and metastasis.
Transfection of SK-OV-3.ipl cells with N-WASP-VCA (verpolin homology, cofilin homology, and acidic domain) fragment cDNA not only blocks HA/CD44-induced N-WASP-Arp2/3 complex formation but also inhibits actin polymerization/F-actin assembly and tumor cell migration.
This study investigated the influence of MTDH expression on gastric cancer and to elucidate the potential mechanisms by which MTDH regulates actin cytoskeletal remodeling and enhances human gastric cancer metastasis via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).
The contribution of ACTN4 to the process of lung cancer metastasis to the brain could be mainly through regulation of actin cytoskeleton reorganization, cell motility, and focal adhesion.
However, it is not known whether the organization of actin cytoskeletal system has a regulatory role in the physiologically relevant aspects of cancer metastasis.