Interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) is a multifunctional cytokine that upregulates the inflammatory response, and participates in carcinogenesis, malignant transformation, tumor growth, invasion and metastasis.
Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) is a multifunctional cytokine that up-regulates the inflammatory response and participates in carcinogenesis, malignant transformation, tumour growth, invasion and metastasis.
IL-1 acts at different levels in tumor initiation and progression, including driving chronic non-resolving inflammation, tumor angiogenesis, activation of the IL-17 pathway, induction of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and macrophage recruitment, invasion and metastasis.
A multitude of proteins and cytokines are involved in chronic inflammation; interleukin-1β, in particular, has been recognized as a critical pro-inflammatory cytokine that can trigger a cascade of inflammatory mediators, promoting angiogenesis, tumor invasiveness, and metastasis.
Administration of camel milk (orally) and its exosomes (orally and by local injection) decreased breast tumor progression as evident by ( a) higher apoptosis (indicated by higher DNA fragmentation, caspase-3 activity, Bax gene expression, and lower Bcl2 gene expression), ( b) remarkable inhibition of oxidative stress (decrease in MDA levels and iNOS gene expression); ( c) induction of antioxidant status (increased activities of SOD, CAT, and GPX), ( d) notable reduction in expression of inflammation-( IL1b, NFκB), angiogenesis-( VEGF) and metastasis-( MMP9, ICAM1) related genes; and ( e) higher immune response (high number of CD<sup>+</sup>4, CD<sup>+</sup>8, NK1.1 T cells in spleen).
Among the female patients presenting metastatic disease and carriers of the TT genotype we observed a trend to lower levels of IL1-β (p=0.053, Pearson χ(2) test).
As confirmed at the mRNA and protein levels in both MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells, expression of the NF-κB regulator IKKα was significantly reduced, along with several NF-κB targets with known roles in metastasis (OPN, MMP9, uPA, SPARC, IL11, and IL1β).
Cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), oncostatin M (OSM), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) promote the development of both acute and chronic inflammation while promoting <i>in vitro</i> metrics of breast cancer metastasis.
Effects of tumor cell-derived IL1B on bone colonization and parameters associated with metastasis were measured in MDA-MB-231, MCF7, and T47D cells transfected with <i>IL1B</i>/control.
Finally, we inspected human tissue specimens from skeletal metastases and detected prostate cancer cells positive for both IL-1β and synaptophysin while concurrently lacking prostate-specific antigen (PSA, KLK3) expression.
From the Tumor Metastasis Pathway Finder PCR array, knockdown of TSPAN8 led to the down-regulation of IL-1β, which showed the most down-regulation among identified genes.
Furthermore, IL-1β generated within the tumor microenvironment predominantly by tumor-infiltrating macrophages promotes tumor growth and metastasis via different mechanisms.
Here, we genetically investigated the role of the Interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor 1 (IL-1R1) pathway in breast cancer tumorigenesis and metastasis using the MMTV-PyMT mouse model.
However, IL-1β-deficient mice are protected against local and systemic inflammation due to live infections, autoimmune processes, tumor metastasis and even chemical carcinogenesis.
In accordance, blocking IL1β, or its receptor, using either genetic or pharmacologic approach, results in slight retardation of primary tumor growth; however, it accelerates metastasis spread.
In conclusions, CCL3, CCL3L1, JUN, IL8, and IL1B have the potential to be considered as candidates for future molecular diagnosis of the hepatic carcinoma with metastasis.
Inflammation in the tumour microenvironment mediated by interleukin 1β is hypothesised to have a major role in cancer invasiveness, progression, and metastases.
Interleukin 1 (IL-1) is a pluripotent cytokine that promotes angiogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis in experimental models; its presence in some human cancers is associated with aggressive tumor biology.