Human nonmetastatic clone 23 Type 1 (nm23-H1) is demonstrated to have diverse roles in metastasis and survival for many cancers, which are probably caused via different impacts on its downstream genes.
Effects of C.officinalis on the expression of various genes involved in metastasis like matrix metalloproteases (MMPs), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteases (TIMPs), prolyl hydoxylase, lysyl oxidase, nm23, and proinflammatory cytokines were also investigated.
Proteins that block metastasis without inhibiting primary tumor formation are known as metastasis suppressors; examples are NM23, Maspin, KAI1, KISS1, and MKK4.
We thus provide evidence that the loss of Nm23-H1, an event suspected to promote metastasis, may additionally function at an earlier stage of tumor development to drive the acquisition of chromosomal instability.
To analyze the prognostic significance of the genes casein kinase 2 alpha subunit (CSNK2A1), anti-apoptosis clone-11 (AAC-11), and tumor metastasis suppressor NME1 in completely resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.
Nm23-H1 is a well-known tumor metastasis suppressor, which functions as a nucleoside-diphosphate kinase converting nucleoside diphosphates to nucleoside triphosphates with an expense of ATP.
These studies provide the first demonstration that the 3'-5' exonuclease activity of NM23-H1 is necessary for metastasis suppressor function and further indicate cooperativity of the 3 enzymatic activities of the molecule on suppression of the metastatic process.
Nometastatic gene 23-H1 (NME1, also known as nm23-H1) is a wide-spectrum tumor metastasis suppressor gene that plays an important role in suppressing the invasion and metastasis of tumor cells.
Reintroduction of EDG2 into cells that express Nm23-H1 overcame the metastasis suppressive ability of Nm23-H1 in both in vivo pulmonary colonization and spontaneous metastasis assays.
We have employed a site-directed mutagenesis approach to demonstrate that the 3'-5' exonuclease activity of NM23-H1 is required for its metastasis suppressor function.
As a result, the interactions with Nm23-H1 and binding partners have implications in the biochemical characterization involved in metastasis and tumorigenesis.
Since the process of metastasis is dependent on adhesion properties of cells, the goal of our work was to describe the adhesion properties of CAL 27 cells (oral squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue) overexpressing FLAG/nm23-H1.
There was a statistically significant correlation between p53 and EGFR overexpression (p < 0.0001), nm23 loss (protein and RNA), lymph node status (p < 0.0001); between the incidence of local recurrence and EGFR RNA overexpression (p= 0.003) as well as between the incidence of metastasis and altered Rb expression (p = 0.026), p53 overexpression (p < 0.0001) and mutation (p = 0.04).
The MSGs KISS1, KAI1, MKK4/7 and Nm23-H1 promote tumor dormancy at the metastatic site, since tumor cells with induced expression of these MSGs disseminate, but do not form overt metastases in the secondary organ throughout the duration of a metastasis assay.