P-gp expression was found to be independent of expression of progesterone receptor and pS2, pHER-2/neu, and CD31 in tumors and from patient age, tumor size, histologic types, grades and Nottingham prognostic index, and nodal status.
Immunohistochemically, one neoplasm showed focal positivity for S-100 protein but was uniformly negative for cytokeratin (AE1/AE3), factor VIII, and CD31.
CD31 immunostaining of s.c. tumors showed acute endothelial swelling and luminal protrusion in irradiated tumor vessels but never in tumors pretreated with TNP-470, and not in the untreated controls.
Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that CD11b+ cells migrated into the tumors of cytokine producers and that the number of CD31+ endothelial cells within the tumors was not different between IL-12 producers and wt cells.
Moreover, in contrast to CD31, which currently represents the reference marker to assess angiogenetic activity, CD105 expression was highest in semiconfluent and actively proliferating endothelial cells, and it progressively decreased as cells reached tight confluency and low [3H]thymidine uptake. i.v. administration of 18 MBq of 125I-labeled mAb MAEND3 efficiently imaged spontaneous mammary adenocarcinomas in two dogs; the uptake of radiolabeled mAb was rapid and intense because tumor: background ratios of 8.2:1 and 9.3:1 were reached 8 h after mAb administration, in the absence of immediate and/or long-term clinical side effects.
Decreased density of platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1-positive structures within the tumor bed was consistent with reduced angiogenesis in C6 gliomas expressing ORP150 antisense, compared with tumors derived from C6 cells overexpressing ORP150 sense or vector controls.
Comparison of tumor nodules for vascularization by CD-31 and CD-34 immunostaining revealed an increased number of blood vessels in tumors expressing HOXB7.
The tumor vascularity was estimated by noninvasive near infrared spectroscopy measuring blood volume at 800 +/- 10 nm and by histological vessel scores in CD31-immunostained cryosections.
Double-immunofluorescent IHC for terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick-end labeling (TUNEL) and CD-31 demonstrated tumor and endothelial cell apoptosis in those tumors treated with Ad-hIFN-beta gene therapy.
CD-31 (platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule [PECAM]) staining revealed that blood vessels developed in tumors larger than 1 mm The administration of P125A human endostatin in C3(1)/Tag females resulted in a significant delay in tumor onset, decreased tumor multiplicity and tumor burden and prolonged survival of the animals.
The same effects were maintained in vivo, in which CD31(+) tumors grew with in situ-like aspects, papillary differentiation, and a secretory phenotype.
We investigated whether tumor lymphangiogenesis occurs in human malignant melanomas of the skin and whether the extent of tumor lymphangiogenesis may be related to the risk for lymph node metastasis and to patient survival, using double immunostains for the novel lymphatic endothelial marker LYVE-1 and for the panvascular marker CD31.
This was associated with a approximately 60% reduction in tumor-derived blood vessels by quantitative morphometry of CD31-stained tumor areas, and appearance of endothelial cell apoptosis by internucleosomal DNA fragmentation in vivo.
Platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule immunohistochemistry, the recessed oxygen microelectrode, color and power Doppler ultrasound (DUS), and diffuse light spectroscopy (DLS) were used to measure tumor oxygen status using vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-transfected hypervascular human melanoma xenografts and their nontransfected counterparts as a model.
Immunohistochemical staining using serial sections for endothelial cell markers (CD31 and CD34) and smooth muscle cell markers (alpha-SMA and desmin), as well as fluorescence double staining, strongly suggested that tumour endothelial cells were the main location of RGS5 in RCC.
Average vessel density (AVD) (range: 3-75; median: 25) and maximum vessel density (MVD) (range: 4-125; median: 53) were assessed by the number of microvessels stained with anti-CD31 mAb in tumor lesions.
Oral administration of the inhibitor resulted in a significant decrease in brain tumor burden, reduced CD31-positive vessels in the brain lesions and incidence of PCNA positive tumor cells, and increased apoptosis in the tumor, as measured by TUNEL labeling.
Despite the substantial viable hypoxic cell fraction and a 1.7-fold increase of vascular endothelial growth factor protein (P = 0.05) in LCC6(HER-2) tumors, no significant differences were found (P > 0.05) between LCC6(HER-2) and LCC6(Vector) vasculature (CD31 staining and Hoechst 33342 perfusion).