We found high HOTAIR expression in tumor tissues was significantly correlated with LNM and DM, and analysis showed a pooled OR of 3.18 (95% CI: 2.10-4.81, p<0.00001) and 3.93 (95% CI: 2.39-6.47, p<0.00001), respectively.
HOTAIR overexpression may promote tumor invasiveness and progression in ESCC, given that HOTAIR functions as a miR-130a-5p sponge, positively regulating ZEB1.
It has been previously reported that the lincRNA HOTAIR mediates recruitment of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) leading to aberrant transcriptional silencing of tumor suppressor genes in glioma and breast cancer.
In particular, HOTAIR upregulation has been associated with tumor aggressiveness, metastasis, and poor survival in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) patients.
Moreover, it was revealed by using bioinformatics analysis that HOTAIR can be targeted by microRNA-217 (miR-217). miR-217 has been recognized as a crucial tumor suppressive gene in cancers.
Among them, HOTAIR stands out as a strong factor, the elevated expression of which is also associated with advanced tumor node and metastasis stage and poor CRC disease prognosis.
A last, in vivo assay was performed to assess the tumor formation in nude mice in order to explore the roles of HOTAIR and HOXA5 in cell apoptosis and proliferation.
We show that miR-203-HOTAIR interaction resulted in the inhibition of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastatic genes as indicated by induction of key metastasis-suppressing proteins E-cadherin, claudin (epithelial markers), and PTEN along with induction of tumor suppressor genes p21 and p27.
Using gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs, n = 67) as a model, we confirmed upregulation of HOTAIR in tumors with high risk of recurrence and showed high abundance of the transcript in GIST cell lines.
The expressions of HOTAIR and p21 were determined to be related to lymph node metastasis, tumor node metastasis, Dukes staging, distant metastases, histological types, and the degree of differentiation.
Furthermore, subgroup analysis showed that tumor type, region, Newcastle-Ottawa scale, and sample size did not alter the predictive value of HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA as an independent factor for patients' survival.
In 112 serum samples obtained before NAC, high circulating HOTAIR was associated with larger tumor size, more positive lymph nodes as well as more distant metastasis.
Specifically, the aberrant expression of the HOXB13, HOXC13 and HOTAIR in proximal colon cancers could add an important dowel in understanding molecular mechanisms related to tumor pathogenesis in this location.
In tumor samples but not normal breast tissue, the expression of JMJD6 linearly correlated with HOTAIR suggesting that JMJD6-mediated up-regulation may occur specifically in tumors.