CD80, which regulates T cell activation, may provide a differential diagnostic marker between minimal change disease (MCD) and other renal diseases, including focal segmental glomerular sclerosis (FSGS).
The aims of this study were (1) to detect toll-like receptor (TLR)-3, TLR-4 and CD80 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and estimate urinary CD80 levels in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome and (2) to investigate the utility of these markers to differentiate between biopsy-proven minimal change disease (MCD) and focal segmental glomeruloscelerosis (FSGS).
CD80 is a podocytes protein that may play a role in proteinuria, particularly in Minimal Change Disease whereas the soluble urokinase receptor (suPAR) is characteristically elevated in the serum of FSGS patients.
Minimal change disease (MCD) is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children and is associated with the expression of CD80 in podocytes and the increased excretion of CD80 in urine.