Here we report successful reprograming of patient fibroblasts into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) for the two most common NCL subtypes: classic late-infantile NCL, caused by TPP1(CLN2) mutation, and juvenile NCL, caused by CLN3 mutation.
CLN3 is an endosomal/lysosomal transmembrane protein mutated in classical juvenile onset neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, a fatal inherited neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder.
In this family, the patient and one of the healthy siblings have identical haplotypes, excluding linkage of early juvenile NCL to the CLN3 locus on 16p12.1-11.2.
The results of linkage analyses in Finnish variant CLN2 families using the markers linked to CLN1 revealed an exclusion; i.e., this form of CLN is caused by a locus different from that of CLN1.
Using a metabolomics approach based on high resolution 1H NMR spectroscopy of the cortex, cerebellum, and remaining regions of the brain in conjunction with statistical pattern recognition, we report metabolic deficits associated with juvenile NCL in a Cln3 knock-out mouse model.
Here, we aimed to present detailed temporal evolution of clinical and electrophysiological features of two siblings with adult-onset NCL and homozygous mutation in the CLN6 gene.
The two most prevalent forms of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) are the juvenile form (Batten disease, CLN3) and late infantile form (Jansky-Bielschowsky disease, CLN2).
We have examined mRNA levels of the CLN1, CLN2, and CLN3 genes, which are associated with the infantile, late infantile, and juvenile forms of NCL in 64 different human tissues, and have grouped the results into gastrointestinal tract, central nervous system, glandular/secretory, muscle, and carcinoma tissue types. mRNA levels for CLN3 are highest in gastrointestinal tissue and are also high in glandular/secretory tissue, whereas mRNA levels for CLN1 and CLN2 do not appear to be preferentially elevated in any tissue type.
Thus, our study indicates that some mutations in the CLN1, CLN2, and CLN3 genes may be associated with late onset of the disease process, may have a more benign clinical course, and clinic overlap with other forms of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis.