It also blocked RANKL-induced activation of osteoclastogenic signals including ERK and p38 and the expression of nuclear factor of activated T cells cytoplasmic 1, as a master regulator of osteoclast differentiation, leading to decreased expression of osteoclast-specific marker genes such as Atp6v0d2, DC-STAMP and cathepsin K. Micro-computed tomography revealed that a seven-week oral administration of BLE0 dramatically improved ovariectomy-induced trabecular bone loss.
Thus, Mongolian echinops reduced bone loss and delayed the occurrence and development of osteoporosis, and increased ERα, ERβ, p-AKT, and P-ERK in BMSCs.
Together, CA ameliorated osteoclast formation and CIA-induced bone loss in db/db mice through inflammation suppression by regulating ROS-dependent p38 pathway.
Here, we demonstrate that inactivating the pro-osteoblastogenic ERK-activated ribosomal S6 kinase RSK2 leads to a drastically accelerated and amplified systemic bone loss in mice ectopically expressing TNF-α [human TNF transgenic (hTNFtg) mice].