Besides that, in our review, we briefly introduced the current application of several natural compounds for treating RANKL-mediated osteoclastic activation by modulating the RANKL signaling pathway and their effects on the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.
Receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) plays a role in the pathology of osteoporosis, and anti-RANKL antibody has been used in the treatment of osteoporosis.
Collectively, Asperpyrone A attenuates RANKL-induced osteoclast formation via suppressing NFATc1, Ca<sup>2+</sup> signalling and oxidative stress, as well as MAPK and NF-κB signalling pathways, indicating that this compound may become a potential candidate drug for the prevention or treatment of osteoporosis.
The receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL)-induced nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway plays essential roles in osteoclast differentiation and may serve as an attractive target for the development of therapeutics for osteoporosis.
In summary, the rs3018362 polymorphism in the RANK gene seems to be associated with osteoporosis of the lumbar spine while the RANKLrs12585014 is not, although more studies are needed to confirm these results.
Denosumab, a RANKL inhibitor, reduced the risk of vertebral, hip, and nonvertebral fractures in the Fracture REduction Evaluation of Denosumab in Osteoporosis every 6 Months (FREEDOM) trial of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis compared with placebo.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the antiosteoclastogenic effects of black rice (<i>Oryza sativa L.</i>) fermented with <i>Lactobacillus casei</i> (LAB) in RANKL-induced RAW macrophage cells and its antiosteoporosis activity against ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in rats.
We also found that treatment with fangchinoline attenuated the altered expressions of LC3, Bcl-2, caspase-3, BMP2, Beclin-1, ATG-5, RUNX-2, and RANKL protein in the prednisolone-induced osteoporosis rats.
In conclusion, these results demonstrated that DAC suppressed RANKL-induced inflammation and osteoclastogenesis and therefore it can be used as a potential treatment for osteoporosis, arthritis, osteolysis, and aseptic loosening of artificial prostheses.
Vitamin C reduced the expression of osteoclast differentiation genes, such as receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, and cathepsin K. This study is the first to show that vitamin C can inhibit osteoporosis by promoting osteoblast formation and blocking osteoclastogenesis through the activation of wingless-type MMTV integration site family/β-catenin/activating transcription factor 4 signaling, which is achieved through the serine/threonine kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways.
Blockade of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) improves osteoporosis, but might also improve glucose tolerance through reduction of hepatic insulin resistance.
In this study, we investigated the effects of BP on ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis in vivo and in vitro, and explored the underlying mechanism.
Denosumab (DNM) is a fully human monoclonal antibody against the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) that has been licensed for the treatment of different types of osteoporosis.
Denosumab is a monoclonal RANKL antibody, which was originally introduced for the treatment of osteoporosis and bone metastases from solid tumors, but more recently has been used for treatment of giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB).