Furthermore, we found that the mechanism by which DAP elicited anti-osteoporotic effects was mediated by up-regulation of VEGF and OPG, but down-regulation of RANK and RANKL in both protein and mRNA expression in OVX rats, as well as the activation of PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway, indicating that DAP can be clinically used as a potential alternative medicine for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
<b>Introduction</b>: Bazedoxifene (BZD) is a third-generation selective estrogen receptor modulator approved for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis with additional favorable effects in lipids, uterine and breast tissue.
Altogether, LMV in early PMO suppresses its progression, which is associated with osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs via up-regulation of ERα and activation of the canonical Wnt pathway.
Furthermore, we found that the mechanism by which DAP elicited anti-osteoporotic effects was mediated by up-regulation of VEGF and OPG, but down-regulation of RANK and RANKL in both protein and mRNA expression in OVX rats, as well as the activation of PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway, indicating that DAP can be clinically used as a potential alternative medicine for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Denosumab is a fully human antibody to receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), and it is administered every 6 months in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) at high risk for fracture.
This work has elucidated the molecular mechanism of OA in RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis and revealed the promising potential of OA to be further developed as a new drug to prevent and treat POP.
Pulsed electromagnetic fields modulate bone metabolism via RANKL/OPG and Wnt/β-catenin pathways in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis: A pilot study.
Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is implicated in the pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis, and other metabolic bone diseases caused by estrogen deficiency.
The experimental studies indicated their potential use as treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis and investigated the underlying mechanisms including osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (OPG/RANKL), extracellular-signal-regulated kinase/c-Jun N terminal kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK/JNK/MAPK), estrogen receptor (ER), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, Wnt/β-catenin, and Notch signaling pathways.
In the study, we first assessed the relationship between OPG variants and BMD or osteoporosis fractures in our sample size (227 subjects with postmenopausal osteoporosis and 189 controls), and then performed a systematic meta-analysis.
In a subgroup analyses, OPGT950C polymorphism was significantly associated with the osteoporosis risk in South China (CC+TC vs. TT: OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.17-1.54; CC vs. TC+TT: OR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.69-0.95) and for studies that included postmenopausal osteoporosis (CC vs. TC+TT: OR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.64-0.94) or hospital-based controls (CC vs. TC+TT: OR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.68-0.96).
The experimental studies indicated their potential use as treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis and investigated the underlying mechanisms including osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (OPG/RANKL), extracellular-signal-regulated kinase/c-Jun N terminal kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK/JNK/MAPK), estrogen receptor (ER), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, Wnt/β-catenin, and Notch signaling pathways.
Effect of bisphosphonate as an adjunct treatment for chronic periodontitis on gingival crevicuar fluid levels of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin in postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Cytokines, including receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) and TNF, induce increased osteoclast (OC) formation and bone loss in postmenopausal osteoporosis and inflammatory arthritides.
Therefore, ESR1 polymorphisms at rs2234693 and rs9340799 may be associated with OP, and could be used as markers to screen those with high risks to postmenopausal OP in Chinese women.