The primary aim of this study was to investigate the alterations of PI3K/Akt pathway in polycystic ovary syndrome-insulin resistance (PCOS-IR) progression induced by letrozole combined with high fat diet (HFD) and then to explore the detailed mechanism of LWDH Pills to alleviate PCOS.
Our review indicates that the hormonal and metabolic changes could be due to molecular dysregulations, such as upregulated PI3K-Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signalling, that potentially cause PCOS-like phenotypes in the animal models.
The HepG2 cell lines transfected with siRNA directed to PCSK9 were challenged with Hcy, homocysteine thiolactone (HTL), testosterone, 5α-dihydroxytestosterone (5α-DHT), or estradiol for 24 h. Rats administered with Hcy developed HHcy and displayed PCOS-like phenotypes with adversely altered lipid homeostasis and attenuated PI3K-AKT and Wnt signalling cascade.
These data suggested that metformin and pioglitazone combination therapy demonstrated great efficacy in ameliorating PCOS through regulating the AMPK/PI3K/JNK pathway.
Knowledge of the action of PI3K in PCOS might provide valuable information to further validate the pathogenesis of PCOS and suggest new methods of treatment.