Subjects were recruited into a COPD (emphysema versus airway disease [EvA]) or asthma cohort (Unbiased BIOmarkers in PREDiction of respiratory disease outcomes, U-BIOPRED).
Subjects having quantitative but not visual emphysema and subjects with visual but not quantitative emphysema were unique groups with mild COPD, at risk for progression, and with likely different underlying mechanisms.
BackgroundPattern of emphysema at chest CT, scored visually by using the Fleischner Society system, is associated with physiologic impairment and mortality risk.PurposeTo determine whether participant-level emphysema pattern could predict impairment and mortality when classified by using a deep learning method.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective analysis of Genetic Epidemiology of COPD (COPDGene) study participants enrolled between 2007 and 2011 included those with baseline CT, visual emphysema scores, and survival data through 2018.
The goal of this study was to determine whether lower Dlco is associated with increased COPD morbidity independent of emphysema assessed via spirometry and CT imaging.
Murine studies have linked TGF-β signaling to emphysema, and human genome-wide association studies (GWAS) studies of lung function and COPD have identified associated regions near genes in the TGF-β superfamily.
Presence and severity of emphysema in patients with COPD, as quantified by CT metrics and radiomics can be estimated by mathematical modeling of airway function as derived from standard spirometry.
In COPD, the severity of emphysema was independently linked with low blood eosinophil count and the longer survival period was associated with increased blood eosinophil count, though it was not proven in the multivariate analysis.
We found that lungs of smokers and COPD-subjects with increasing emphysema severity demonstrate sphingolipid-imbalance, resulting in significant ceramide-accumulation and increased ceramide/sphingosine ratio, as compared to non-emphysema/non-smoker controls.
An increase in the frequency of the A allele of the rs13118928 <i>HHIP</i> gene polymorphism was observed in the group of subjects with COPD and emphysema-hyperinflation phenotype when compared with those in the FE phenotype (p=0.019) and subjects with ACO (p=0.04).
Although small airway lesions and emphysema contribute cooperatively to airflow limitation, the relationship between Nrf2 SNPs and the development of emphysema in smokers without COPD is not well understood.
<b>Objective:</b> We investigated the impact of preexisting COPD and its subtypes, chronic bronchitis and emphysema, on overall survival among Medicare enrollees diagnosed with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
A sample of 25 patients, current smokers, affected by severe COPD and heterogeneous emphysema who quit smoking were compared with a group of 15 patients who did not quit smoking.
By reanalyzing the gene expression profile GSE76925 in the Gene Expression Omnibus database using bioinformatic methods, we attempted to identify novel candidate genes promoting the development of emphysema in patients with COPD.
This study examined the association of spirometry-defined airflow obstruction and self-reported COPD defined as self-reported doctor diagnosed chronic bronchitis or emphysema, with occupational exposure among ever-employed US adults.
In particular, carbonyl-modified proteins may help to drive autoimmunity in COPD and cause the characteristic small airways abnormalities and even contribute to the pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema.
In the COPD without emphysema group, the CHRM3 gene, previously reported to be associated with COPD, and HDAC10 were markedly increased and decreased, respectively.
Inhaled gas magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) also provides chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) biomarkers of lobar emphysema and ventilation abnormalities.
Systemic vascular dysfunction is present in the earlier stages of COPD, particularly in patients with greater emphysema burden and low TL<sub>CO</sub>.