Considering the importance of a better understanding of the pathophysiology of Th17 pathway in SSc, this article aims to propose an update for a better understanding of current knowledge on main cytokines secreted by the Th17 cells (IL-17 A, IL-21, and IL-22) and the future prospects in the current disease.
Serum levels of IL-17 and IL-21 were increased in SSc patients compared with healthy controls and positively related to TL1A levels (r <sub>s</sub> = 0.373, P = 0.010; r <sub>s</sub> = 0.370, P = 0.011, respectively).
The mRNA expression of IL-26, IL-22, IL-22R1, mRNA and protein expression of IL-17A, IL-21, IL-21R were positively correlated with the modified Rodnan skin score of SSc.
The aim of this study was to elucidate more clearly the role of interleukin (IL)-18 in modulating the IL-22 pathway in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) patients and in pSS-associated lymphomas.