We have already shown that AKT is activated in skin lesions in Mycosis Fungoides (MF) and we herein further investigate the frequency and clinical significance of PTEN and PI3K at the protein and at the DNA level as well as the presence of AKT1 mutations in skin lesions from 50 patients with MF clinical stages I-IV in relation to clinicopathological features.
A 37-year-old woman with a history of breast cancer, other neoplasms, and multiple skin lesions was diagnosed with Cowden syndrome after a germline PTEN mutation was identified.
Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) gene mutations are associated with a spectrum of clinical disorders characterized by skin lesions, macrocephaly, hamartomatous overgrowth of tissues, and an increased risk of cancers.
Here, we describe a novel PTEN splicing site mutation in a family with classical Cowden disease and we studied benign skin lesions typical for Cowden disease for loss of heterozygosity.
The results showed that JS1287 small molecule alleviated epidermal thickness, epidermis congestion, edema and inflammatory cell infiltration, decreased release of inflammatory cytokines of IL-6, IL-12 and IL-17A, and further regulated the mRNA expression of ATF1 and protein expression of ERK1/2 in IMQ-induced skin lesions.
The levels of sICAM-1 in the skin tissue fluid and IL-6 and IL-17 in the blood of patients with vitiligo were positively correlated with the skin lesion area of patients (P<0.05).
Unexpectedly, many IL-17A-bearing cells were found around destructed hair follicles, indicating that IL-17A expression was not attenuated, but rather increased in the skin lesion.
Kaempferol reduced CD3<sup>+</sup> T cell infiltration and gene expression of major proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-6, IL-17A and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, in the psoriatic skin lesion.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-atopic effects of UMB on 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)- and house dust mite extract (Dermatophagoides farinae extract, DFE)-treated mice with AD-like skin lesions and on tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α/interferon (IFN)-γ-treated HaCaT cells.
Degranulation and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were conducted to measure degranulation, proinflammatory cytokine levels, and prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub> concentrations in immunoglobulin E/antigen-sensitized RBL-2H3 mast cells.The therapeutic efficacy of <i>P. santalinus</i> extract in 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis was evaluated through morphological, physiological, and immunological analysis.<i>P. santalinus</i> extract inhibited <i>β</i>-hexosaminidase and histamine release and reduced tumor necrosis factor-<i>α</i>, interleukin-4, and prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub> secretion.Furthermore, <i>P. santalinus</i> extract suppressed atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions by regulating the serum levels of immunoglobulin E and immunoglobulin G2a, and messenger ribonucleic acid expression of T helper cell 1- and T helper cell 2-related mediators in the skin lesions.
The mRNA and protein expression levels in human and mouse skin lesions and TNF‑α‑stimulated HaCaT cells were detected using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR) and western blotting, and compared with the control groups.
In addition, Cal/BDP significantly suppressed the interleukin (IL)-23/IL-17-producing T (T17) pathogenic axis, including expression of IL-17a, IL-23a, IL-22 and TNF-α mRNA in skin lesions and expansion of CCR6<sup>+</sup> γδ T17 cells in the draining lymph nodes.
We found elevated numbers of IL-17A<sup>+</sup> CD4<sup>+</sup> lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of BP patients and identified CD3<sup>+</sup> cells as major source of IL-17A in early BP skin lesions.
Compared with IMQ-S2 group and 31.25 group, S2-IMQ group mice had significant increase of IL-17A mRNA level in skin lesions and lymph nodes, and more severe cutaneous inflammation.
We conclude that autologous ADSCs improved DNCB-induced AD-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice by reducing inflammation associated with Th2 immune response and interferon-γ.
It was found that genistein can significantly improve IMQ-induced pathological scores of cutaneous skin lesions in mice, reduce epidermal thickness, and inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors，including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), IL-17 and IL-23.
It was found that genistein can significantly improve IMQ-induced pathological scores of cutaneous skin lesions in mice, reduce epidermal thickness, and inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors，including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), IL-17 and IL-23.
These changes of cell infiltration were more obvious in the treated patients at stable stage, explaining why there were more patients at stable stage response better than patients at active stage.<b>Conclusions:</b> 308-nm excimer laser is effective to reduce the infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells but promote the infiltration Treg cells and secretion of TGF-β and IL-10 in the lesion skin of vitiligo patients, especially at stable stage.
The results showed that JS1287 small molecule alleviated epidermal thickness, epidermis congestion, edema and inflammatory cell infiltration, decreased release of inflammatory cytokines of IL-6, IL-12 and IL-17A, and further regulated the mRNA expression of ATF1 and protein expression of ERK1/2 in IMQ-induced skin lesions.