There has been considerable interest in the development of dopamine D3 receptor (DRD<sub>3</sub>) partial agonists and antagonists for the treatment of substance use disorders.
The dopamine D3 receptor (DRD3) gene has been implicated in schizophrenia, autism, and substance use-disorders and is related to emotion reactivity, executive functioning, and stress-responding, processes impaired in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).