The limited improvement in the WOMAC pain score and the lack of synovitis improvement with lutikizumab, together with published results from trials of other IL-1 inhibitors, suggest that IL-1 inhibition is not an effective analgesic/antiinflammatory therapy in most patients with knee OA and associated synovitis.
The differential regulation of the two forms of IL-1ra mRNAs may play an important role in shoulder pain in rotator cuff diseases, regulating IL-1-induced subacromial synovitis.