OBJECTIVES In this study, we sought to evaluate the performance of the Xpert MTB/RIF (Cepheid) assay for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) complex DNA on fresh and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue specimens from oncology patients in an area with a low prevalence of tuberculosis.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates (n=355) were tested against three first-line antimycobacterial agents (ethambutol [EMB], isoniazid [INH], rifampin [RIF]) using the MYCOTB plate and either the MGIT 960 (site 1, n=142) or VersaTREK (site 2, n=213) systems.
We carried out a prospective, observational, cross-sectional study to determine the effect of sputum quality on diagnostic performance of Xpert among presumed TB patients in Uganda.
We compared CAR with the radiologist for sensitivity and specificity, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), and calculated the potential Xpert tests saved.A total of 18 036 individuals were enrolled.TB prevalence by Xpert was 15%.
Our cost-utility analysis favours the implementation of Xpert<sup>®</sup> MTB/RIF as a replacement of SM for all TB suspects in this rural high TB/HIV prevalence African setting.
XpertMycobacterium tuberculosis/rifampicin (Xpert MTB/RIF) assay has been endorsed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB), while the sensitivity and specificity have not been fully evaluated.
Of 130 sputum samples from Gabon tested with the Xpert assay, 124 yielded interpretable results; 21 (17%) of these were determined to be RIF<sup>r</sup> Amplification and sequencing or a line probe assay of the Xpert remnants confirmed 18/21 samples as MDR, corresponding to 12/116 (9.5%) new and 6/8 (75%) previously treated TB patients.
In conclusion, this assay is a rapid, accurate test in terms of increased sensitivity for detecting smear-negative TB patients, as well as an alternative for detecting both RIF and INH resistance in persons with presumptive TB, whereas the absence of a mutation in the specimens must be interpreted cautiously.
GeneXpert MTB/RIF-confirmed patients with rifampicin-susceptible tuberculosis were recruited at antituberculosis treatment initiation in Khayelitsha, South Africa.
In this study we provide a Xpert-dedicated successful protocol for processing paraffin-embedded tissue and assess the feasibility of the Xpert assay-based tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis on these specimens, thus proving the Xpert assay as a valuable TB diagnostic tool in supporting conventional histopathological methods.
Ultra resulted in no false-positive RIF-R specimens, while Xpert resulted in two false-positive RIF-R specimens.All RIF-R-associated <i>M. tuberculosis rpoB</i> mutations tested were identified by Ultra.
The objective of this analysis was to assess the cost-effectiveness of TB diagnosis using microscopic observation drug susceptibility (MODS), Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) and empiric treatment for all patients, in addition to current clinical diagnostic practices in children less than 5 years of age in a national tuberculosis (TB) referral hospital in Uganda.
The introduction of Xpert MTB/RIF assay (Xpert) has significantly improved diagnosis of Tuberculosis (TB) in resource limited human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) endemic settings.
In the Indian TB center setting, replacing the standard Xpert cartridge with the Xpert Ultra cartridge was projected to avert 0.5 TB deaths (95% uncertainty range [UR]: 0, 1.3) and generate 18 unnecessary treatments (95% UR: 10, 29) per 1,000 individuals evaluated-resulting in a median ratio of 38 incremental unnecessary treatments added by Ultra per incremental death averted by Ultra compared to outcomes using standard Xpert (95% UR: 12, indefinite upper bound).