The allele and haplotype frequencies of HLA-A, B and DRB1 were determined and compared between patients with MDR/RR-TB and patients with drug-susceptible PTB.
In the comparison of TAP2 gene with the DRB1*08:03, which is associated with TAP2*Bky2 and PTB in Koreans, we demonstrated the hierarchy of these association factors.
Among Asian populations, DRB1*03 and DRB1*07:01 were associated with a reduced incidence of PTB, while DRB1*15 and DRB1*08:03 were associated with an increased incidence of PTB.
The DRB1*04 allele is associated with susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis, whereas DRB1*11 is associated with protection from pulmonary tuberculosis in the Syrian population.
HLA DRB1*1501 and DQB1*0601 predisposed for pulmonary tuberculosis (DRB1*1501: odds ratio (OR) = 2.68, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.30-5.89, P value (P) = 0.013, aetiological fraction (EF) = 0.17; DQB1*0601: OR = 2.32, CI = 1.29-4.27, P = 0.008, EF = 0.26).
The frequencies of alleles DQA1*0101 (odds ratio [OR], 6.18; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.38 to 16.08), DQB1*0501 (OR, 6.16; 95% CI, 2.44 to 17.71), and DRB1*1501 (OR, 7.92; 95% CI, 2.71 to 23.14) were significantly increased in nonimmunosuppressed patients with PTB when compared with healthy subjects.